英语ABC之十—名词性从句

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英语ABC之十－名词性从句

1.定义：_________________________。名词从句的功能相当于_________, 它在复合句中能担任____、____、____、____、____等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为____从句、____从句、____从句和____从句。 2.引导名词性从句的连接词 可分为三类：

连接词：__________________________________________________（不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：__________________________________________________ 连接副词：__________________________________________________ 3.不可省略的连词：

1) 介词后的连

2) 引导_____从句和_____从句的连词不可省略。例如：That she was chosen made us very happy.

We heard the news that our team had won.

比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 2. 引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语 4. 从句后有"or not"

大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用______充当形式主语。例如：

It is not important who will go. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 2．名词性that-从句

1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。例如： That he is still alive is depending on luck. ______

John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. ______ The fact is that he has not been seen recently. ______

The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. ______ 形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. ______ 2）That-从句作主语通常用______作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。例如：

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. It's a pity that you should have to leave. 用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary that… 有必要…… It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句

It is believed that… 人们相信…… It is known to all that… 从所周知…… It has been decided that… 已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句

It appears that… 似乎…… It happens that… 碰巧…… It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 3 名词性wh-从句

1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介



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词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等。例如：

How the book will sell depends on its author. ______ In one's own home one can do what one likes. ______ The club will give whoever wins a prize.______ My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. ______ She will name him whatever she wants to. ______ I have no idea when he will return. ______ I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. ______ That depends on where we shall go. ______ 2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词______做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末。例如：

It is not yet decided who will do that job. It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 4 if, whether引导的名词从句 1）yes-no型疑问从句

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句

从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。例如： Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. ______

Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. ______ The point is whether we should lend him the money. ______

They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. ______ She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. ______

I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. ______ 2）选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词______或______构成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. I don't care whether you like the plan or not. 5 否定转移

1）将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。例如：

I don't think I know you. I don' t believe he will come.

注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。例如： I hope you weren't ill. 2）将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。例如：

It doesn't seem that they know where to go. It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 3）有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。例如： I don't remember having ever seen such a man.

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 4）有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。例如： The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. （否定状语）

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. （否定because状语）

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.（否定状语

many weeks）

同位语易错题讲解

1. Do you have any idea ___is actually going on in the classroom？ A. that B. what C. as D. which 2. Along with the letter was his promise___ he would visit me this coming Christmas A. which B. that C. what D. whether 要点：

(1). 从句用陈述语序。

(2). 一般情况下，主从句的时态应保持一致。担当从句表示的是客观事实或普遍真理时，从句仍然用一般现在时。如：



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