船舶英语科技论文

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现代交通运输发展的趋势之一是水路运输的高速化，水路运输的高速化对于我国国民经济的发展无疑具有十分重要的意义。高速船舶设计、制造、营运中的经济性问题以及高速船舶营运引起的环境问题和安全问题对船舶性能提出了更高的要求。从目前已投入营运的高速船舶看来，一个普遍的问题是船舶产生的尾浪高。如何控制和降低高速船舶产生的尾浪已成为船舶工程界和相关部门关注的焦点之一。近年来，国外很多相关部门都制定了相关的尾浪控制的标准和准则，也有一些国家已开始试验、生产低尾浪、低冲刷的船舶。国内对该问题的研究还处在起始阶段,但国内由于船舶尾浪引起的问题十分严重，仅广东省几年前由于高速双体船的浪损而成为险堤的堤围已超过五百公里，因此对船舶尾浪的研究迫在眉睫，具有十分重要的意义。

High speed waterway transport is one trend of the development of Modern transportations and it is of great significance to the development of the national economy. The economy problems during the designing,manufacturing,and operating of High-Speed Ship and the environment and security issues caused by the operation of high speed ship,have come up with higher requirement to ship quality than before. When we refer to the ships in operation,we will find the high wake-waves produced by the high speed ship has become a very common issue. Therefore,how to control and decrease the wake-waves produced by high speed ship has become a focus of the Ship engineering and other relevant departments. In recent years, many relevant department has created standards and guidelines as how to control the wake waves.besides, some countries have started experiment and manufacture ships with lower wake waves and lower-wake-wash ship. Though the problems caused by wake waves of ship is very serious while the study of this issue was just began in China. In Guangdong province there are more than 500 kilometers polders caused by swell damage of the high-speed catamaran in a few years ago,therefore, the study of ship’s wake waves is extremely urgent and meaningful.





不同水域不同大小的船舶在不同速度下产生的尾浪问题将不同，如在港口港湾，船舶尾浪产生的影响主要是对系泊船舶的作业操作等产生影响；而在沿岸区域，船舶尾浪则对海岸、沙滩等产生腐蚀影响；而在某些遮蔽航区，高速船舶产生的尾浪则可能对其他小船的正常航行产生不良影响。如表1 所示，各个国家由于水域环境的差异，船舶尾浪所引起的问题也不尽相同。因此，很多学者从不同切入点入手，对船舶尾浪的影响进行了探讨。

The problems caused by the wake waves will be different as the difference of ship’s size and speed sailing in different area. For example, When we are sailing in ports and harbors, the wake waves mainly affect the operation of Mooring ship while in coastal region,the wake waves are corrosive to seashore, beaches. However, in some Sheltered navigation area, the wake waves produced by the high speed ship may have adverse effect in other ships normal sailing. As shown in Table 1. The problems caused by ship wake waves are different as the aquatic environment are different each country. Thus, many scholars have explored impact of wake waves of ship from different point of views.




G.J.Macfarlane,G.Cox,J.Bradbury]对遮蔽航区高速小船产生的尾浪对岸堤的腐蚀进行了讨论，通过研究小型船舶的尾浪以及其对岸堤的腐蚀，对如何评判尾浪侵蚀力的大小进行了探讨，提出采用单一判据对船舶产生的尾浪进行评估是不够的，多参数判据才能保证所有的腐蚀因素都能考虑到，并对此方法的实施进行了探讨。Erwan Garel, Laura López Fernández, Mike Collins对深吃水船舶产生的尾浪引起的沉积物再悬浮进行了探讨，研究主要是对8 分32 秒的水面情况记录进行了分析，水流速度以及方向的分析表明导致沉积物再悬浮的原因是较浅的上部斜滩受尾浪影响的结果。Philip D. Osborne, Neil J. MacDonald, William J. Reynolds探讨了尾浪对混合性沉淀海滩的影响，探讨了Tallinn 湾中风浪和船舶尾浪对海滩的影响，通过对采集数据的分析，指出在某些季节船舶尾浪在波浪对海滩的影响中起着决定性作用。近年来，船舶尾浪对系泊船舶的影响研究也多见报道。J.A.Pinkster，A.van der Hout等对船舶尾浪对系泊船舶运动的影响进行了计算.

G.J.Macfarlane,G.Cox,J.Bradbury have discussed the erosion of seashore in Sheltered navigation area caused by the high speed ship’s wake waves. By studying the wake waves produced by little sized ship and the corrosion to seashore, they have discussed how to judge the intensity of the wake-waves erosion and come to conclusion that we can not estimate the effect of ships wake waves by a single criterion, only the multiparameter criterion can ensure all corrosion factors have been taking into consideration. They have had a further discussion as how to put this method into practice then. Erwan Garel, Laura López Fernández, Mike Collins have discussed the sediment re-suspension by the wake-waves of deep-draft ship and analyzed the records of the water condition in 8mins and 32seconds.The Water-flow velocity and direction reflects the reason of sediment re-suspension is the shallow upper beach was affected by the wake waves. Philip D. Osborne, Neil J. MacDonald, William J. Reynolds have discussed how the wake-waves have effect the Mixed sedimentation beach and discussed how the storm and wake-waves in Tallinn Bay have influenced the sea beach and after analyzed the collected data have come up with the conclusion that the ship’s wake wave plays a crucial role as how the wave impact the sea beach. In recent years, many studies about how the wake -waves effect the mooring ship are reported. People like J.A.Pinkster，A.van der Hout have concluded the wake-waves influences of ship movement.



不同水域环境，船舶尾浪产生的影响也随之变化，因此，在制定船舶尾浪影响的判据时，需因地制宜，综合全面考虑各种因素。在船舶设计阶段，通过理论计算船舶尾浪及其影响，从而进行评估，进而可依据相关要求进行优化和改进，从而生产出低尾浪、低冲刷的船舶。

As the wake-waves influence are different in different environment, so we need to set reasonable criteria of wake-wave influence according to it's own specific condition and taking all factors into consideration.In the ship design stage, we can estimate the wake-waves influence according to relevant theory,Optimize and improve the ship as to produce lower wake-waves and lower-wake-wash ship.




高速船舶尾浪引起的各种问题涉及安全、环境、经济方面，是一个值得研究和探讨的前沿研究问题。采用耦合的理论预报方法或试验方法在船舶设计阶段对船舶产生的尾浪进行预估，以相关部门制定的尾浪判据作为依据对船舶产生的尾浪进行评估分析优化，从而生产出低尾浪、低冲刷的船舶，从而可提高船舶航行中的经济性，减少船舶尾浪对环境的破坏，也可有效防止船舶尾浪对系泊船舶的工作作业造成安全威胁，提高工作安全性；同时，在尾浪判据制定的过程中，理论预报方法结果和试验结果则是制定该标准的理论依据，试验结果亦可作为对该制定标准进行验证的一种手段。



The problems caused by wake-waves of the high speed ship are involved with security,environment and economy, which is a question worthy of study and exploration. Using the coupling theory to predict and experiment to evaluate the wake-waves produced by ship at the design stage, evaluate and optimize according to the criteria made by the relevant department as to produce lower wake-waves and lower-wake-wash ship,improve the efficiency in sailing and reduce the damage to the environment by wake-waves.Besides,it can prevent the operation of mooring ships from danger which caused by the wake-waves of ship and assuring safe operation.Meanwhile, The result of predict coupling theory and experiment is the evidence for standard making bedsides,the experiment result can be a method to validate this standard.

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